Machine for ramming molds and the like



Dec. 25, 1928. 1,696,250

' E. D. PATTERSON momma: FOR RAMMING wows AND THE LIKE Fild dot. 1.6, 1926 s Sheets-Sheet 1 Dec. 25, 1928.

E. D.-PATTERSON MACHINE FOR RAMMING MOLDS AND THE. LIKE Filed Oct. 16, 1926 5 Sheets-Sheet 2 Ill/9 Jig Z402, 51912275070 Dec. 25, 1928. 1,696,250

I E. D. PATTERSON V CHINE FOR RAIIING HOLDS AND THE LIKE v Filed Oct. 16. 1926 3.Sheets-Sheet 3 Patented Dec. 25, 1928.

r I 1 ,696,250 UNITED STATES rATs roFFics.

ELAM D. PATTERSON; OF COSHOCTON, OHIO, .ASSIGNOR TO JAMES GLOW SONS, OF CHICAGO, ILLINOIS,'A CORPORATION, OF ILLINOIS.

MACHINE FOR RAMMING MOLDS AND THE LIKE.

Application filed October 16, 1926. Serial No. 141,919.

This invention relates to tamping or rain ming devices particularly designed for ramming pipe and other cylindrical molds although in its broader aspects it is adaptable in a large variety of forms for use in other connections. Herein the invention will be disclosed in a device constructed and arranged for foundry use in tampiiig orrain ming vertical, cylindrical molds in which iron pipe and the like is to be cast.

My invention is designed to overcome the difliculties incident tohand rammed molds and has as one of its principal objects the provision of a device capable of automatically performing the many necessary steps in properly tamping or ramming molds and includes arrangements whereby all portions of the sand of the mold will be compacted to substantially the same degree of density about the mold and longitudinally thereof.

Another object is to provide a machine of' the character desc ibed with means for absorbing the reactionary shocks imposed on the rann'ning mechanism and tended to be transmitted to the support by the impact or deceleration of the rams or peens at the ends of their strokes. 1

A further object is to provide a machine of the character specified with a plurality of :lo ram rods and peens adapted to ram two or more preferably diametric portions of :1 cyl ndrical mold or the like simultaneously and with mechanism adapted to advance one orboth of the ram rods and 'peens to succesive ramming positions about the mold.

Still further objects include the provision ofadjustments whereby the ramming machine may be adapted to ram'circular or cylindrical molds of dilferent'diameters or of different thicknesses, to provide such a device with an automatic stabilizing device adapted to prevent reactionary forces, set in motion by deceleration or impact of the ramming mechanism at the ends of the strokes of the ram rods, from tending to throw the ramming device out of alignment or twisting the end thereby straining it. to provide a counterbalanced,support for the ramming mechanism and to provide a ramming machine of simple and reasonably inexpensive construction possessing the ad vantages heretofore enumerated as well as those which will be or should become readily appreciated from the succeeding disclosure.

Numerous other objects as well as the adaptability of my invention to other fields of use other than that in which I will describe a preferred embodiment, will be apparent from the following description and claims and from the drawing in which Fig. 1 is a front elevational view of a pipe mold ramming machine constructed in accordance with the preferred form of my invention,

Fig. 2 is a transverse sectional view taken onthe line 22 of Fig. 1, c

Fig. 3 is a fragmentary longitudinal sectional view taken along the line 33 of Fig. 2,

Fig. 4 is a transverse sectional view taken along the staggered line 44 of Fig. 1,

Fig. 5 is a fragmentary sectional view taken along the line 55 of '1, and

Fig. 6 and Fig. 7 are top plan and end elevational views, respectively, of the ratchet dog yoke, a detail of a preferred form of mechanism for effecting rotation of the ram rods to various positions about a cylindrical or circular mold. c r The tamping or ramming apparatus illustrating my invention is supported from an overhead girder or frame 2 on which pulleys 3 and 4 are revolubly mounted in bearings 5 and 6 by lneans of a cable or the like 7 trained over the pulleys 3 and 4t and attached at one end 8 to a yoke 9 and at its other end to weights 11 suflicient in number 'to counterbalance the weight of the mechanism which will be hereinafter more particularly described. The yoke .9 is provided with bolts 12 at its lower ends and on the lower ends of these bolts, nuts 13 secure plates 14 between which and the bottom face of a yoke guide 15 springs 16 are positioned. The yoke 15 has arms 17 which rest on the top of springs 16 which are drilled for sliding movement on the bolts 12 for a purpose to be hereinafter described. At their outer ends. the arms 17 are forked to receive the shanks of T guides 18 secured to the girder or frame member 2 so that the ramming machine. may be vertically raised or lowered in guided position 0. 2 will be apparent.

The yoke guide 15 is provided with a central hub through which the casing 19,

within which any reciprocatory prime mover such as. a stein or an air p ston or an electrical solenoid 1S housed, 18 secured against rotary or longitudinal movement although it may be made adjustable therethrough if desired. The casing 19 projects below the hub of the yoke arm and is rigidly attached in any suitable manner to a stationary casing 21 preferably slotted on opposite sides as shown at 22 in order that a cross head 23 secured between collars 2% on a. piston rod 25 reciprocal within the casings 21 and 19 may slide therein and reciprocate with the piston rod as the latter is reciprocatcd by the prime mover.

The cross head is extended outwardly beyond the outer faces of the casing 21 to provide clearances between the outer surface of the casing and a channel ring 26 which is secured to the cross head by bolts 27 and nuts 28. This channel ring 26 has upper and lower flanges .29 and 31 between which arcuate members 32 are 'slidably mounted for rotation about the axis of the piston rod 25 and casing 21. This arcuate member 32 is provided with a boss 33wh1ch is drilled on its radius of curvature and on av radius of the casing 22 and piston rod 25 and, as will be apparent. on the same diameter of these latter mentioned parts for the reception of trunnion bearing pins 34. A yoke member 35 is provided with diametrie bosses 36 which are also drilled to receive the trunnion bearing pins 3% and while generally of circular form has parallel spaced arms 37 and 38 on either side of a diameter about the axis from the axis of the trunnion bearing pins 34. The pairs of arms 37 and 38 are as a consequence of the torementioned construction oppositely disposed and each arm ofeach pair is drilled preferably at two or more places 39 for the reception of a pivot pin ll at different distances from the axis of the reciprocat-ory piston rod 25. From the foregoing', it will be apparent that the yoke ring 8.5 is free to swing to some extent about or on the trunnion bearing pins 34 while by reason of the arcuate members 32, it may be swung about the axis of the piston rod 25 to any position thereabout and at the same time bereciprocated upon reciprocation of of the piston rod.

The pins 41 projecting through the arms 37 and 38 pivotally support ram rods 42 for relatively free swinging movement in order that the arcuate peens 43 011 their lower ends (only one peen shown) may give relatively to one another in case the surface with which they contact or impact is irregular whereby the ramming pressure and therefore the degree of compaction of the sand or other material in the mold will be equalized. In order, however, that the yoke ring: 35 and the ram rods 42 may not swing unnecessarily about their pivots pendulum wise, a damper or stabilizer designated 44 of generally cylindrical form for rotation with the yoke ring 35 is secured against rotation to the outer ends of trunnion pins 34 which are also secured against rotation in the bosses 33 of the arcuate members 32. On a diameter parallel to the dian'leter of the rod 25 passing medially between the arms 58 and 37 the stabilizer ll is provided with upstamling projections -15 adapted to limit the downward movement oi either pair of arms 2? and 38 by contacting with the bottoms 46 of the web portion of the ring 35 between the arms 37 and 238.

It will now be apparent that upon reciplocation of the piston rod 25 under the influence of the prime mover, the ram rods 42 will be reciprocated ior tamping or ramming engagement of the pct-us 123 with the surface of the sand or other material to form the mold and that inequalities in the surface of the material being rammed wil be compensated for by the equalizing; device including; the yoke ring: 35 and the screral pivotal connections. The shock of impact of the peens 4.3 with the material of which the mold is being formed will be absorbed by the springs 16 and can not be transmitted to the guideways 18 or to the frame or girder and thus to the building or other struc ture in which the rammer is located. It will also be appreciated that it dcsircch the ramming mechanism may be cousidm'cd as complete for use as so far described and the yoke ring; 35 and thus the ram rods 1-12 and their pcens 43 may be swung about the axis of the reciprocatory rod 25 for ramming all portions of a cylindrical or circular m ld or the like. However, I desire to have the ram rods and poems moved to various successive positions about the mold autonnuically and for this purpose, I have. provided mechanism which will now be described.

The casing 21 is extended dowmvardlv be low the stabilizing member elland has thicker walls at this lower end which provide a reduced internal bore as shown at 47 in Figs. 8, i, and 5 for the reception of a cross head 48 having circmnferential guide surfaces 49 for sliding within the bore 4?. The cross head 48 is provided with a pro jection 51 which passes through a slot extending longitudinally of the lower end of the casing so that it may rcciprmatc with the rod and is secured on the end of the red by a nut 53 threadedly engaging a threaded reduced end portion of the rod designated 54. The projectionfil of this cross head has a re duccd shank portion 55 which is threzuled at its outer end to receive a nut 56 which secures a cam roller 57 from displacement from the reduced portion on which it is rotatably mounted. As the piston rod rcciprocates carryingthe cross head 48 with it. the cam roller 57 is adapted to contact with a lever projecting: into its path as will be described infra.

IUD

ill

The extreme lower end of the casing 21 as indicated at 58 is surrounded by a collar 59 which is rigidly but removably secured thereto forming a thrust bearing for a rotatable ratchet ring supporting member and yoke 61. The member 59 has oppositely extending yoke arms 62 which are slotted as shown at 63 in order that the ram rods 42 may pass through them with freedom for side to side swinging movement toward and from one another. Preferably on a diameter transverse to the diameter forming the medium line of the arm 62, the member 61 is provided with brackets 64.- through which bolts secured by nuts 65 pass for securing ratchet ring 66 thereon. The member 61 is provided with an upwardly facing shoulder 67 adapted to abut against and project radially outward beyond a cooperative shoulder formed on the lower end 58 of the casing between which and the thrust collar 59 the member 61 is mounted for rotation.

ietween that portion of the shoulder 67 extending radially outwardly beyond its cooperative shoulder formed on the casing and a circumferential shoulder 68 formed on the casing, a ring member 69 is rotatably mounted and at the rear side of this ring, bosses 71 are provided and drilled with registering openings on an aXis transverse to the axis of the ring and tangential to its circumference for the receptionot a hinge pin 72 which the substantially parallel arms 73 a ratchet en g apfing dog yoke are hinged. The ratchet dog carrying yoke is best illus tratcd in detail in Figs. 6 and 7. It is provided intermediate its arm 73 with a dog tooth projeeton 74 and a pivot pin opening '75 for a purpose'to be hereinafter described. With the foregoingdeseriptiom the reader will appreciate that the tooth of the dog 74 is adapted to engage with the teeth 75 of the ratchet ring 66 and that upon countercloclnvise movement of the dog and its yok e, the ring 69 and the member 61 will be rotated in an anticlockwise direction when the tooth M is engaged with and behind one of the teeth 75. It will also be obvious that since the dog carrying yoke member is hinged to the ring 69 on the opposite side from the tooth 74 that the tooth 74; through its bevelled face 76 will ride over one or more teeth of the ring 66 in a clockwise di-.

rec 'on for reengragement behind some suce tooth of the ratchet ring.

In order to move or rather to oscillate the do; carrying yoke, I have provided a cup member 77 bored out as shown at 7 8 for the reception ofa ball 7 9 slightly less in diameter and provided with a propecting lug 81 pivoted on a pin 82 secured by a nut 83 in the hole 75 provided in the dog carrying yoke member. Thus the cup member 7'? is free to pivot on the pin 82 for a purpose which will be understood as the description pro ceeds. 'The ball 79 is secured on one end of a lever 84 pivoted at 85 on a pivot pin' 86 projecting through a boss 87 formed on one side of the casing The opposite end 88 of the lever 8s is curved substantially as shown in Fig. 1 into the path of cam roller 57 so that when the piston rod 25 moves uppin 86 and between the spring and a cotter I pin or the like 93 inserted through an open ing; in the end of the pivot pin, while movement of the lever 84- in a clockwise direction is limited by an adjustable stop member 94 secured to the casing; 21,

Fill

\Vhile it is believed that the operation of j the illustrated embodiment of my invention will be clear to the reader from what has been stated, I will briefly set it forth. Upon reciprocation of the piston rod 25, the cross head 23 willbe actuated to reciprocate the ram rods 42. Upon every upward stroke oi the piston rod, the cross head 46 through its cam roller 57 will rock the lever 8% about its pivot 85 and through the ball T9 and socket in the cup member 77 will rotate the ratchet ring 66 to the extent of one or more teeth dependent upon the length of move ment during which the cam roller and lever 88 are engaged. As the piston rod descends with the cross head l8, the spring 89 will return the lever to its initial positioir against the adjustable abutment 94. the hinge dog carrying yoke swinging about its pivots in substantially vertical andhorizontal planes to permit the dog 74: to ride over the teeth and to the end of its movement to there en 'ap'e behind some successive tooth b r: J r

tor another like movement. The operation is entirely automatic and the mold will be adequately rammed at all points of its cir" cumference and progressively upward as the sand is poured therein. Properly balancing; the weight of the ramming; mechan m. with weights 11 the ramming mechanism will gradually work itsell upwardly in the mold until the whole has been properly rammed. Manual assistance may bealmost entirely avoided.

\Vhile I have described and illustrate its lit)

preferred embodiment of my invent on'and lbll to be limited other than by the spirit of the invention and the scope of the appended claims.

I claim:

1. In a ramming machine, a ram rod, means independent of the mold for automatically imparting motion to said rod in two directions transverse to one another simultaneously, and means rendered operative by irregularities of the material being rammed for moving said rods in a third direction.

2. In a ramming machine, a ram rod, automatic means independent of the mold for imparting motion to said rod in two directions transverse to one another, and means rendered operative by irregularities in the surface of the material being rammed for moving said rods in a third direction.

3. In a ramming machine, a ram rod mounted for reciprocation and i swinging movement about its axis of reciprocation and about an axis transverse to said axis of reciprocation and means for automatically reciprocating and swinging said rod about its axis of reciprocation simultaneously.

4. In a ramming machine. a pair of spaced ram rods simultaneously reciprocal. means for automatically reciprocating said rods, and means for substantially equalizing the effective ramming pressure of said rods.

5. In a ramming machine, a pair of spaced ram rods, means for imparting reciprocatory motion to said rods and means including a pivot connection between said motion imparting means and rods, for adjusting said rods to inequalities in a surface being rammed.

6. In a ramming machine, a plurality of peens, means for projecting said peens simultaneously toward a surface of material to be compacted and means for substantially equalizing the effective ramming pressure of said p'eens.

7. In a ramming machine, a plurality of peens. means for reciprocating said peens simultaneously toward a surface of material to be compacted. and means for substantially equalizing the efi'ective ramming pressure of said peens.

8. In a ramming machine, a pair of spaced ram rods. means for automatically reciprocating said rods and for moving said rods to a series of ramming positions, and means for substantially equalizing the effective ramming pressure of said rods at any ramming position.

9. In a ramming machine, a pair of spaced ram rods, LIIlZOITHIiDlC means for imparting reciproeatory motion to said rods and for moving said rods to a series of ramming positions, and means. including a pivot connection between said automatic means and rods, for adjusting said rods to inequalities in a surface being rammed.

10. In a ramming machine, a plurality of peens, automatic means for reciprocating said peens simultaneously toward and from a surface of material to be compacted and for moving said peens to a series of compacting positions, and non-resilient means whereby said peens may automatically adjust themselves to inequalities of said surface upon contact therewith.

11.111 :1. ramming machine, a pair of spaced ram rods simultaneously reciprocal, means for automatically imparting motion to said rods in a plurality of directions, said directions being transverse to one another, and means for substantially equalizing the effective ramming pressure of said rods on contact with a surface to be compacted.

12. In a ramming machine, a plurality of peens, means for automatically imparting motion to said peens in a plurality of directions, said directions being transverse to one another, for compacting material, and non-resilient means whereby said peens are automatically adjusted relatively to one another to compensate for inequalities in the surface of the material being compacted upon contact with such surface.

115. In a ramming machine, a ram rod, means automatically operativefor reciprocating said rod, means automatically operative in conjunction with said reciprocating means for moving said rod in a. curved path to a series of ramming positions in succession, a vertically movable non-rotatable support for said rod, and a shock absorber interposed between said rod and said support.

let. In a ramming machine, a ram rod, means for automatically imparting motion to said rod in a plurality of directions, said directions being transverse to one another, a support for said motion imparting means and rod, and means between said motion imparting, means and said support for absorbing shocks tended to be transmitted to the support from said rod.

15. In a ramming machine, a pair of stationary guides in spaced relation, a crossarm slidably mounted on and between said guides, a ramming mechanism carried by said cross-alum means for moving said cross-arm to various positions with respect to said guides, and shock absorbers inter posed between said cross-arm and said moving means.

16. In a ramming machine, a pair of substantially rigid guides disposed in parallel spaced and stationary relation to one another, a cross-arm slidably and non-rotatably associated with said guides, a ramming mechanism having a reciprocable part secured to said cross-arm, means for moving said cross-arm along said guideways in one direction, and resilient means interposed betill ill)

tween said cross-arm and moving means for absorbing shocks resulting from the recip rocation of said part.

17. In a ramming machine, a pair of spaced ram rods, means for reciprocating said rods simultaneously, and means for means for reciprocating said rod, and

means operated by reciprocation of said rod for moving the rod in a curved path.

20. In a ramming machine, a pair of spaced ram rods, means for reciprocating said rods, and means operative upon recip rocat-ion of said rods formoving said rods in substantially circular paths.

21. In a ramming machine, apair of spaced ram rods, means for reciprocating said rods, and means operative upon recip rocation of said rods for moving said rods in substantially circular paths by a step by step movement.

22. In a ramming machine, a reciprocable member, means for reciprocating said member, means pivotally associated With said member and movable therewith and a pair of ram rods pivoted to said pivotally associated means and movable therewith.

23. In a ramming machine, a reciprocable member, means for reciprocating saidmember, means pivotally associated with said member and movable therewith, a pair of ram rods plvoted to said pivotally associated means and movable therewith, and means for rotating'said pivotally associated means relatively to said member about the axis of reciprocation of said member.

24. In a rammlng 1nachine,'a palr of spaced ram rods simultaneously reclprocal,

means for automatically reciprocating said a rods, means for moving said rods to successive circumferential positions about an axis in space intermediate and parallel the line of reciprocation of said rods, and means for substantially equalizing the effective ramming pressure of said rods.

25. In a ramming machine a pair of spaced ram rods, means for imparting reciprocatory motion to said rods in the direction of the length thereof, means including a pivot connection between said motion imparting means and rods for adjusting said rods to inequalities in a surface being rammed, and means for moving said rods to successive circumferential positions about an axis in space intermediate of and parallel to said rods.

26. I11 a ramming machine, a plurality of peens, means for projecting said peens simultaneously toward a surface of material to be compacted, means for substantially equalizing the effective ramming pressure of said peens, and means for moving said peens to a plurality of positions over the surface to be compacted in substantially circular paths.

In Witness of the foregoing I afiix my signature. I v

E. D. PATTERSON. 

